ENG 1020- RJA #5a: Finding Reference Articles

Searched at: www.ScienceDirect.com
Search strategies: Advanced search “AND”
Date of search: September, 17th 2009.
Keyword used; Number of hits; Relevance (1-5 Scale):
a) Animal Cloning; 125,817 hits; 3.
b) Animal Cloning AND Ethics; 3,614 hits; 4.
c) Animal Rights; 566,129 hits; 2
d) Animal Rights AND Cloning; 51,303; 3
e) Animal Cloning AND Advantages; 27,176; 4
Online Reference work:
a)Bioethics: limits to the interference with life
Date: September 17th, 2009
b)Therapeutic cloning- applications for organ transplantation
Date: September 17th, 2009
c)Application of reproductive biotechnology in animals- implications and potentials: Applications of reproductive cloning
Date: September 17th, 2009
d)Cloning:next term New breakthroughs leading to commercial opportunities

I found information regarding the advantages of animal cloning as well as of the ethics of cloning. On the web sites that I have selected, there is some information on the uses of different types of cloning, on future possibilities if we continue the practice, and on Bioethics science.

ENG 1020 RJA #4c: Checking Research Questions

Alexandria

Jonathan Meyer

RJA# 4b: Writing Search Strings

“Animal Clon*” +Benefit* OR advantage* OR pro* -human

Clon* +Animal* "+Use* OR Application*" +Res* "-Ethic* OR Moral OR Religi*"

Moral* OR Ethic* OR Religi* "+animal Clon*"

(Ethic* OR Moral*) AND (Animal NEAR Clon*)

[Clon* NEAR (Ethic* OR Moral) NEAR Animal*] AND (Consequence* OR Impact* OR Result)

(Animal* OR Beef) NEAR (Clon* OR Manipul*) NOT (human Clon*) AND (Advantage* OR Benefit*)

RJA #4a: Generating Keywords

Do the advantages of animal cloning overcome the ethical objectives?

List:

Advantages
Advantage
Benefit
Benefits
Impacts
Consequences

Animal
Animals
Beef

Cloning
Clones
Clone
Manipulation
Artificial Reproduction

Overcome
Are stronger
Overpower
Win
Versus
Worth it

Ethical
Moral
Religious

Objectives
Neglect
Reasons
Beliefs

Ladder of generalization:
Cloning, Animal manipulation, Animal Cloning, Cloning of farm animals, experimental cloning, cloning for food, cloning for better reproduction.

ENG 1020- RJA #3c: Developing Research Question

1- What is the purpose behind cloning?
2- Is cloning right or wrong?
3- Is future society going to consist of pure clones?
4- Is cloning going to save or destroy us?
5- Should we be more careful about what we want?
6- Should we continue the practice of cloning?
7- How can we know that this is not leading us to our end instead?
8- Why don't people have a right to know if they are purchasing food - product of a cloned animal?
9- Don't we already have a problem with overpopulation to spend all this money in creating and saving more people by cloning?
10- Why should we or shouldn't we clone people or animals?
11- Will cloning lead to a better or worse world?

ENG 1020 - RJA #3b: Narrowing Research Topic

After reading chapter 3 of the textbook, I have come to the decision that I need to narrow my research topic which is cloning, for the reason that it expands in a lot of different branches that would take me much more time and space to address each one of them. In order to accomplish this, I will have to choose one of the branches which interest me the most and which also has sufficient but not more information than needed, in order for me to be able to investigate and prove my point in the time and space given.

ENG 1020 RJA #3a: Exploring Research Topic

While doing my research on cloning I found out by researching in different websites bookmarked in my delicious account, that it has been an argumentative topic since the beginning when the first sheep, Dolly, was cloned in Scotland in 1997. Some thought that it was great! A huge advance in science technology; while others thought that it was dreadful news and that it should have never been done because of ethical reasons.
I also learned that even though cloning is one thing, there are still different types of it like: Reproductive cloning, which is the one were an animal is cloned to get the exact same DNA animal clone; Therapeutic cloning, which doesn’t clone an entire animal, but clones some cells which will be used for scientific research for the purpose of using this cells eventually in replacement of organs of the original person who gave its cells to be cloned; and DNA cloning, were they are cloning a gene from a DNA fragment, to study the gene in question.
I learned that attempts of cloning are very expensive and not to efficient. That most of cloned animals live a shorter life, but the exact reason for this is still unknown. However, I also learned from the FDA that cloned food is apparently healthy and doesn’t need any special labeling.