Eng 1020- RJA #15b: Reflection on What You Learned

I have found that one of the most productive classes that I have taken this semester is English 1020. In this class I have learned how to write on MLA style which is essential for any other writing class. I have also learned the best way in which to present an argument, in order to keep the public addressed interested and focused. I have much more knowledge regarding internet cites, I have learned how to find reliable sources of information, and how to use them correctly. In general, all or some of what I have learned in this class this semester will be applied in all of my next classes, either in one way or another. It might be on doing research for a scientific related class, or writing a MLA style paper for a philosophy class. I am also very happy that I was introduced to the protopage and delicious web cites since they have proven to be extremely useful for tracking information.

Eng 1020- RJA #15a: Word Cloud

Here is my word cloud link.

Eng 1020- RJA #14: Annotated Bibliography, Part 2

Roleff, Tamara L, ed. Cloning: opposing viewpoints series, United States of America: Thomson Gale, 2006. Print.

This Series is extremely helpful because it gives information about cloning from different perspectives. In order to fully argue any topic, it is essential that we know what arguments are being held by the opposition. This book emphasizes on this particular point, and gives for each different topic related to cloning different consecutive perspectives. The Thomson Corporation is a world leader in e-research and educational publishing for schools, businesses, as well as libraries. They are highly reliable and trustworthy and its quality has been honored by the Dartmouth Medal, as well as receiving the CODiE award for the excellence in their work. This book covers twenty different topics, which have each one of them a different author, which are making reference to another authors work. Since it has been reviewed by a lot of different people working for Thomson Gale, I would assume that all the information provided is accurate, but above all this book is extremely enlightening.


Engdahl, Sylvia, ed. Cloning: contemporary issues companion, United States of America: Thomson Gale, 2006, Print.

The editor of this book, Sylvia Engdahl is the author of fourteen different books that vary from the range of science fiction anthologies, novels, and non-fiction books. She has received a Phoenix Award, a bronze medal in 2008 from “Independent Publisher Book Awards”, as well as a Christopher Award for some of her excellent publications. Although she has proven to be an excellent publisher, she also worked with an extremely good publishing company: The Thomson Corporation which is a world leader in e-research and educational publishing for schools, businesses, as well as libraries. They are highly reliable and trustworthy and its quality has been honored by the Dartmouth Medal, as well as receiving the CODiE award for the excellence in their work. This book covers 25 different topics in regards to cloning, and gives half pro information and half con, which have proven to be very beneficial when in need of different perspectives on an argument.


Ruse, Michael and Aryne Sheppard, ed. Cloning: Responsible Science or Technomadness? Amherst, New York. Prometheus Books. 2001. Print.

Michael Ruse is a professor of Philosophy at Florida State University, and is the author of a well distinguished books, Taking Darwin Seriously and editor of Philosophy of Biology, and Bit Is It Science? Aryne Sheppard is a former graduate student at the University of Guelph, and works doing research, as well as on problems of conservation. In this book, the reader will find most of the information with regards to cloning to be focused on the hypothetical idea of “cloned humans”. Although I will not be addressing human cloning in my paper, this book has been beneficial because it also gives light to the religious concerns with respect to cloning. The Publishing company: Prometheus Books, has shown success and professionalism in their works for over 40 years. It produces no less than 100 new titles per year and has already more than 2,000 books in print. Prometheus Books also has international distribution, rights, and sales representation throughout the world, with domestic and foreign expansion ongoing, and with titles translated to more than 50 different languages. This book therefore should be extremely accurate and reliable.


Dictionary.com. 2009. LLC. Web. 22 November 2009.

I have used Dictionary.com, an Ask.com service, for formal definitions of therapeutic cloning as well as reproductive cloning. Both the definitions of therapeutic cloning and reproductive cloning were provided by The American Heritage New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition. Houghton Mifflin Company, 2005. which is a well known and reputable dictionary. Dictionary.com is a multi-source dictionary search service produced by Dictionary.com, LLC, a leading provider of language reference products and services on the Internet. It is not a publisher, but more of like a library which collects definitions from numerous reliable dictionaries. Both of the definitions coincided perfectly with all my research on both of the subjects, therefore I am satisfied to conclude that dictionary.com is a reliable source for information.


FDA.gov. 2009. FDA U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Web. 22 Nov, 2009.

The FDA partners with stakeholders to address critical public health needs and bridge scientific gaps. I have used information provided by them in regards to the safety of food coming from a cloned animal or its offspring. They also provided with up to date and relevant information in regards to policies regarding cloned animal food. The FDA is certainly a reliable source since it is responsible for protecting the public health by assuring the safety, efficacy, and security of human and veterinary drugs, biological products, medical devices, our nation’s food supply, cosmetics, and products that emit radiation. The FDA is also responsible for advancing the public health by helping to speed innovations that make medicines and foods more effective, safer, and more affordable; and helping the public get the accurate, science-based information they need to use medicines and foods to improve their health. Therefore I maintain that it is a reliable source of information.


Hansen, Brian. “Cloning Debate” CQ Researcher.14.37 (October 22, 2004): n. pag. Web. 22 November 2009.

CQ Researcher is one of the first place librarians encourage students to look for reliable sources of information in any current topic or issue on a scholarly level. It has been publishing since 1923 and has received the American Bar Association's 2002 Silver Gavel Award for a nine-part series on liberty and justice issues, as well as the prestigious Sigma Delta Chi Award for Journalism Excellence in 1999 for a ten-part series on health care. “Cloning Debate” from Hansen has given me more information in current issues against cloning, such as political views, which I have been able to use in my paper.

ENG 1020- RJA #13b: Annotated Bibliography, Part 1

1) CAMR, Coalition for the advancement of medical research, http://www.stemcellfunding.org, Web, 25 Oct 2009.

This seems like a very reliable source, since they work with more than 100 nationally recognized patient organizations, universities, and scientific societies for the advancement on medical research. I will use information from here for the body of my argument, extracting reasons for which cloning should not be banned, and explaining why.


2) Human Genome Project, http://genomics.energy.gov, Web, 31 Aug 2009.

The Human Genome project seems like a reliable source of information since they work with several well known organizations. It will provide me with more information on current data for my subject, so I will be using it to make my argument.


3) Watson, James D and John Tooze, The DNA Story: A documentary history of gene, San Francisco, W.H. Freeman and Company, 1928, Print.

I think this book will be a reliable and useful source of information because since the publisher was founded in 1946, and has proven to show dedication on publishing books and textbooks on the science field for students and general public, from authors of outstanding achievement. One of the Authors, James D. Watson is an American molecular biologist and co-recipient of the 1962 Nobel Prize on the discovery of the double-helical structure of DNA. The other author of this book is John Tooze and he is Executive Secretary of the European Biology Organization. Editor of Trends in Biochemical Sciences, and has worked at Harvard University and the Imperial Cancer Research Fund Laboratories in London. I will use this book to obtain general information as well as the history.

4) Hansen, Brian, Cloning Debate, “Should all forms of human cloning be banned?” CQ Researcher, Volume 14, Issue 37, 22 Oct 2004, Web, 24 Sep 2009.

I think that this article is a reliable source of information since it was published by CQ press. The article brings a debate on the morals of cloning which I think will help me for the counterarguments.

ENG 1020- RJA #13a: Field Research Report

The person that I have interviewed via email is my father Leandro Fernandez, who is a Veterinarian living in Uruguay, and works in a lab doing mainly research as well as in the field with farm animals, much of which have been either cloned or are the offspring of cloned animals.

In my interview I asked some of the following questions:

2-What benefits are veterinarians seeing as a result of cloning?
3- Are you in favor or against reproductive cloning? Why?
4- Are you in favor or against therapeutic cloning? Why?
5- Is the food coming from cloned animals in the open market?
6- Are there any controversies about that question 4?

He is pro cloning and gave me a list of reasons why reproductive and therapeutic cloning is beneficial, and also gave me some feed backs on the legislation over the subject there.
Since they are full questions, that imply a lot of details, I will be able to use them as an extra input on my research paper.

Cloning Presentation

Check out this SlideShare Presentation:

Cloning Presentation

View more presentations from Sofiafernandez.

ENG 1020- RJA #12c: Introduction Check

I have commented on Matt's introduction and on Joelle's introduction.

ENG 1020- RJA #12b: Presentation Plan

I plan on giving an introduction to cloning.

1- I will first state the different types of cloning.

2-Type 1
A) How it is done.
B) Controversies.
C) Scientific reasons to clone.

3- Type 2
A) How it is done.
B) Controversies.
C) Scientific reasons to clone

4- Type 3:
A) How it is done.
B) Controversies.
C) Scientific reasons to clone

5- Pictures of some of the first cloned animals.

ENG 1020- RJA #12a: Progress Report

1)What I have accomplished:
a) Thesis
b) Introduction
c) Formal outline

2)What I need to accomplish:
a) Annotated bibliography: will be done by 11/23
b) Survey: Will be done by 11/23
c) Draft: will be done by 11/30
d) Final paper: will be done by 12/7
e) Letter to the editor: will be done by 12/7

ENG 1020- RJA #11c: Thesis Statement Check

I have commented on Matt's thesis statement and on Joelle's thesis statement.

ENG 1020- RJA #11b: Visual Aids

1- Pictures of young children with fatal diseases.

2- A diagram showing the principles of how cloning is done.

3- Pictures of birth defects from side effects of drugs approved by animal experimentation alone.

4- Chart of diseases being treated today by using adult stem cells.

5- Chart/ graph of people against or pro cloning.

ENG 1020- RJA #11a: Introduction

Imagine if nobody would want a laptop because they were stuck with the idea that typing machines were better, or that using Morse code was easier than sending e-mails. In general people are eager and enthusiastic about accepting knew scientific inventions; but only those, that don’t affect there ideologies.
When Copernicus discovered that the Earth wasn’t the center of the universe, the ideology of the time, mainly based on religious beliefs wasn’t ready to accept it, not half as eager as they would a new cell phone. It wasn’t until a century later with Galileo, that people started to ease down, and accept the true facts that science was proving; and it wasn’t only until they accepted the scientific revelation as true, that they were able to apply it to there advantages.
The scientific revelation of cloning could be right at the same level as Copernicus’ Solar System was in the 16th century. It is a new science, that as well as bringing high hopes for the revelation of diseases, it brings with it a smooth dilemma to ideologies.
As of today, people in general are not eager to accept this new science, but the denial will only delay the discoveries to be made, the people to be cured, and the remediable suffering. This is why cloning should not be banned, and people should realize that they are only slowing down the unstoppable, only because of lack of oil in the engine of their ideologies.

ENG 1020- RJA #10b: Argument

For decades human beings have being trying to solve the puzzle of several different fatal diseases such as Alzheimer’s, cancer, HIV,….etc. with no luck whatsoever, until now. With the new science of cloning, scientists are being able to work with cloned stem cells from the original diseased cell of a patient with a particular disease, and therefore able to analyze different aspects of it, as well as test new and old drugs and compare results. Scientists have high hopes that in the process of analyzing the different aspects of the cloned diseased stem cell will lye the answer to the cause of the disease, and with it, will bring the cure, and elimination of it once and for all.
As well as being of extreme usefulness for the case of studying the origins of the disease, some stem cells have proven to be able to form into any different type of cell from the human body, and so scientist have been able to make exact same DNA tissues for a patient, out of one of his cell’s nucleus and therefore avoid tissue rejection when in need of the replacement of damaged tissue. Scientists believe that by practicing this new technology we may also be able to create an entire organ, for heart or any other organ transplantation.
Research in stem cells could also help prevent heart risks, as well as other risks provoked by drugs that have been tested through animal experimentation alone, and have proved to have serious second effects. In order to avoid this, human embryonic stem cells can be used to make human organs, which can consequently be used in the testing of new and current drugs in order to prevent the unwanted side effects in patients.
Since the first sheep Dolly was cloned in 1996, animal cloning has offered great benefits to consumers, farmers, and endangered species. Farmers select their best animals, and clone them in order to maintain the good DNA and therefore assure a high quality of meats, cheeses, and milk, as well insuring that the animal will have a good immune system, and therefore reduce medical needs.
Cloning has also been proven beneficial in the act of trying to save endangered species.

On the other hand, the opposition of cloning, think that embryonic stem cell cloning is unethical, because of beliefs that life starts at contraception, and since the stem cells grow in the embryo until there are approximately 20 cells, and then the embryo is destructed to access the cells, they state that that could be considered murder. They consider themselves pro-life, and think that scientists are “playing god”, and that humans need to find cures but not on behalf of an unborn child.

ENG 1020- RJA #10a: Thesis Statement

Research Question:
Should the practice of cloning be banned?

Precise claim:
Cloning should not be banned.

Reasons/blueprint:
1- Cloning may hold the key to the discovery of the nature of fatal diseases, cure them, prevent them, and extinguish them.
2- Cloning is beneficial for animal production, and for preventing animal species from extinction.

Complete thesis statement:
The practice of cloning should not be banned because it may hold the key to the discovery of the nature of fatal diseases, cure them, prevent them, and extinguish them; as well as benefiting animal production, and preventing animal species from extinction, therefore doing key work for the conservation of ourselves and of our planet.

ENG 1020- RJA #9: Evaluation of Sources

Resource evaluated: Reshaping life: Key issues in genetic engineering, 3rd edition (book)
Authors evaluated: G.J.V. Nossal and Ross L. Coppel
Published by: Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press publishes the finest academic and educational writing from around the world. As a department of the University of Cambridge, its purpose is to further the University's objective of advancing knowledge, education, learning, and research. Cambridge is not just a leading British publisher, it is the oldest printer and publisher in the world and one of the largest academic publishers globally.
G.J.V. Nossal has a PhD in molecular biology and is the author of several other books such as: The Molecular Basis of Cellular Defence Mechanisms - No. 204, and Antibodies and immunology. He has been awarded with several prices and recognitions such as: commander of the Order of the British Empire for medical research, knighted for his work in immunology, as well as being awarded the ANZAAS Medal.
Ross L. Coppel earned his PhD in 1984 and is a recipient of the Glaxo Award for Advanced Research in Infectious Diseases and is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute International Fellow. He has also authored or co-authored more than 260 scientific publications.
After researching both Authors and the Publisher I conclude that it is a reliable source of information.

Resource evaluated: The DNA Story: A documentary history of gene cloning (book)
Authors evaluated: James D. Watson and John Tooze
Published by: W.H. Freeman and Company
W. H. Freeman and company publisher was founded in 1946, and is dedicated on publishing books and textbooks on the science field for students and general public, from authors of outstanding achievement.
James D. Watson is an American molecular biologist and co-recipient of the 1962 Nobel Prize on the discovery of the double-helical structure of DNA.
John Tooze is Executive Secretary of the European Biology Organization. Editor of Trends in Biochemical Sciences, and has worked at Harvard University and the Imperial Cancer Research Fund Laboratories in London.
After doing my research on the authors and the publisher I conclude that this book is a reliable source of information.

Resource evaluated: Cloning: Opposing Viewpoints (book)
Published by: Greenhaven Press, an imprint of Thomson Gale, a part of The Thomson Corporation
Greenhaven Press was founded 40 years ago, and bought by Thomson Gale in 2000.The Opposing Viewpoints series offers divergent points of view on controversial social, political, and economic issues. Greenhaven Press analogies primarily consist of previous published material from periodicals, books, scholarly journals, newspapers, government documents, and position papers from private and public organizations. They edit this information to present it in a user friendly manner, mainly for high school students, and make great efforts in maintaining accurately the original intent of the authors.
I think that the opposing viewpoint series is a reliable source of information for debates, because it is reviewed by a big group of editors and they use reliable sources which are cited at the back of the book.

Resource evaluated: Cloning of Frogs, Mice, and other Animals (book)
Author evaluated: Robert Gilmore McKinnell
Published by: University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis
The university of Minnesota press is a non-profit scholarly publisher founded in 1925.
Robert Gilmore McKinnell is a Professor of Genetics and Cell Biology at the College of Biological Sciences and University of Minnesota. As well as being the author of this book he also the authors of several other books such as “Prevention of Cancer”, and “Differentiation and Neoplasia”.
Therefore, being written by a professor on this subject and published by the highly re-known publisher as the University of Minnesota Press, I will say that this book is a reliable source of information.

Resource evaluated: Mass Extinction: Will half the Earth's species die out this century? (Periodical article)
Author evaluated: Mary H. Cooper
Published by: CQ Researcher
CQ Researcher was founded in 1923 and is often the first source that librarians recommend when researchers are seeking original, comprehensive reporting and analysis on issues in the news. It has received the American Bar Association’s 2002 Solver Gavel Award.
Mary H. Cooper specializes in environmental, energy and defense issues. Before joining The CQ Researcher as a staff writer in 1983, she was a reporter and Washington correspondent for the Rome daily newspaper l'Unità. She is the author of The Business of Drugs (CQ Press, 1990). She also is a contract translator-interpreter for the U.S. State Department. Cooper graduated from Hollins College in English.
After researching both the publisher and the author I conclude that it is a reliable source of information.

Resource evaluated: Human Cloning: What's at Stake (web site)
Authors evaluated: John F. Kilner, PhD and Robert P. George, JD, DPhil
Published by: The center for bioethics & human dignity
CBHD is a bioethics research center of Trinity International University (TIU) and is located on the main campus of the University in Deerfield, Illinois. CBHD produces a wide range of live, recorded, and written resources examining bioethical issues including books, podcasts, and online articles. They work with world renowned scholars, clinicians and researchers to bring together the very best information.
John F. Kilner is the Franklin Forman Chair of Ethics, Professor of Bioethics and Contemporary Culture, and the Director of the Bioethics Program at Trinity International University in Deerfield, Illinois. From the 1994 founding of The Center for Bioethics & Human Dignity until 2005, Dr. Kilner served as the Center’s President and C.E.O., where he now serves as a Senior Scholar. He is author of numerous articles in medical, public health, legal, religious, and ethics journals, he has written or edited 15 recent books, and has a Ph.D. "With Distinction" in religious ethics, with an emphasis in bioethics, from Harvard University.
Robert P. George, JD, DPhil is McCormick Professor of Jurisprudence and Director of the James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions at Princeton University and a former ember of the President’s Council on Bioethics.
I believe that given the sources, it is reliable information.

ENG 1020- RJA #8c: Multimedia

Resource searched: blinkx, videosurf
Keywords used: Animal Cloning; animal cloning benefits
Search Strategies: Boolean
Date of search: 10/12/09
Matches:10,000; 105
Relevance: 5

ENG 1020- RJA #8b: Social Media

Resource searched: Google Blogs
Keywords used: Cloning, Cures
Search Strategies: Boolean, AND
Date of Search: 10/12/09
Number of Hits: 10,296
Relevance: 4

Resource searched: Icerocket
Keywords used: Cloning, Cures, medicine
Search Strategies: AND, OR
Date of Search: 10/12/09
Number of Hits: 15,632
Relevance: 2

Eng 1020- RJA #8a: Websites

Resource Searched: Google
Keywords used: Cloning, Pro, Cons.
Search Strategy: Advanced search, Boolean.
Date of search: 10/12/09
Number of hits: 445,000
Relevance of hits: 5

ENG 1020- Internet Research Project

Name of the tool: Scout Report Archives
Summery or description of the tool: The Scout Report Archives is a searchable and browseable database to over nine years’ worth of the Scout Report and subject-specific Scout Reports. It contains 25,788 critical annotations of carefully selected Internet sites and mailing lists.
Strengths: Scout Report Archives is extremely user friendly and has good speed. You will find of excellent help their advanced search as well as being able to browse through alphabetical categorizations.
Weaknesses: The only “weakness” that found in the Scout Report is that even though it has information about a lot of different subjects it only has a few of each.
Search engines, directories, and other applications searched: Scout Report Archives is part of the National Science Foundation’s National Science Digital Library Project.
Operators: Boolean and mathematical operators. (AND); (+, -); (“…”).
Case Sensitivity: N/A
Stop Words: N/A
Advanced search functions: You can narrow your search to one or more of the following fields: Title, Creator, Publisher, Contributor, Classification, Subject, URL, Description, Language, Source, Coverage, site administrator's Email address, and date of publication.
Limits: N/A
Sorting: When browsing through the Library of Congress Subject Headings, it will sort out the subjects in alphabetical order. Once you select you topic, it will sort out the information in different relevant categorization for example if you search under “C” and click on “Cloning”, it will give you 4 different sub topics within that topic, such as “Cloning Ethics”, or “Cloning Laws”. As well as sorting the information in topics and subtopics, it will have a link to web pages relevant to this same topic.
Display: The results will be displayed in a descending order of relevance (most relevant items appear at the top of the results). Relevance is determined through a combination of word occurrence frequency and a weighted value of the metadata fields being searched. Word occurrence in the Title is the weighted the most heavily. Alternate Title, Creator, Publisher, Classification, and Contributor are in the next lower tier of weight values. Occurrence in the URL and Description are given the lowest weight values.
Help Function: It is under the name “Using the archives” located on the left side of the page. It is easy to find, and very self explanatory. It provides you with the necessary tools in order for you to successfully find the expected information.
Special Features: Internet Research Project is a non-profit organization, with the aim of providing useful and accurate academic information to students, researchers, and is open for all the public. It also participates in these five different projects: AMSER, CWIS, Access NSDL, Learning Languages.net, and ATE Central.

ENG 1020 RJA #7c: Field Research Plan

For the Field Research I will do a survey and interview. I will be interviewing via chat, my father, you is a veterinary living in Uruguay, since he works in a laboratory where they work with some cloned animals.
I will also like to do a survey where I will be asking to the public some general questions about cloning, like for example:
1-Would you clone yourself if you could?
2- Do you mind eating cloned food?
3- Are you pro or against cloning? Why?
4- Do you follow any religion? Does that affect your answers?
5- Should cloning be illegal?

I will be adding and refining my survey questions during this week, and plan on having everything done by the end of next week.

ENG 1020- RJA #7b: Internet Research Tool Test

Resource Searched: Scout Report Archives
Keywords used: Cloning AND Ethics; Cloning +ethics.
Search Strategies used: Boolean: AND, OR
Search Engine Math: +
Date of Search: 10/5/09
Number of hits: 11
Relevance of hits: 4
(*, or NEAR didn’t give me any result)

ENG 1020- RJA #7a: Internet Research Tools

When I want to research something on the internet, what I usually do as a start point is to type the main topic of research or question on the browser, since it’s the first thing that appears on the page. Once I do that, then I get different web pages concerning my question or topic and browse through those. What I like about doing this is that I don’t narrow my options to only one search engine, but on the other hand sometimes you can get information that is irrelevant, or sales associated.
Though now, I find myself after doing that mainly as a tick, using google.com, yahoo.com, msn.com, Wikipedia.org, and the Auroria library.

I have found that the latter ones are much more accurate that just browsing on the web bar. As far as Wikipedia is concerned, that is where I used to go generally when I wanted some information about something that was scholar, though since this semester I have learned that the information can be non accurate I won’t be taking extremely seriously what I read there. When it comes to google.com and/or yahoo.com, these are the main engines in which I search for general information. I use msn.com mainly for when I want to check the weather Forecast since I can view it on degree Celsius, or for the news.
I have found Auroria.com extremely helpful on finding scholar related information, and really like the fact that I can trust the source.

Eng 1020- RJA #6c: Protopage

My protopage.

ENG 1020- RJA #6b: Search Strings

“Animal Clon*” +Benefit* OR advantage* OR pro* -human

Clon* +Animal* "+Use* OR Application*" +Res* "-Ethic* OR Moral OR Religi*"

Moral* OR Ethic* OR Religi* "+animal Clon*"

(Ethic* OR Moral*) AND (Animal NEAR Clon*)

Clon* NEAR (Ethic* OR Moral) AND (Consequence* OR Impact* OR Result)

(Animal* OR Beef) NEAR (Clon* OR Manipul*) NOT (human Clon*) AND (Advantage* OR Benefit*)

ENG 1020- RJA #6a: Periodical Articles

Resource searched: Auraria Library (CQ Researcher)
Search Strategies: Databases A-Z
Keyword used: Cloning
Date of search: 9/24/09
Number of hits: 23
Relevance of Hits: 5

Name of author: Mary H. Cooper
Title of article: Mass Extinction
Title of periodical: CQ Researcher
Volume and issue number: Volume 10, Issue 31
Date: September 15, 2000

Name of author: David Masci
Title of article: The cloning controversy
Title of periodical: CQ Researcher
Volume and issue number: Volume 7, Issue 18
Date: May 9, 1997

Name of author: Marcia Clemmitt
Title of article: Reproductive Ethics
Title of periodical: CQ Researcher
Volume and issue number: Volume 19, Issue 19
Date: May 15, 2009

Name of author: Brian Hansen
Title of article: Cloning Debate
Title of periodical: CQ Researcher
Volume and issue number: Volume 14, Issue 37
Date: October 22, 2004

ENG 1020- RJA #5c: Checking Search Strings

Nick Longwell
Elvis

ENG 1020- RJA #5b: Finding Books

Resource searched: Auraria Library
Keywords used: Cloning, Animal Cloning, Bioethics
Search Strategies: I wrote my keyword(s) on the search box, and then on the left side of the page, I chose to narrow/refine my search, for only, English, nonfiction, and book.
Dates of Search: September 18th, 2009.
Number of hits: 8081, 265, and 493 books respectively.
Relevance of hits (on a scale of 1-5): 5

Book #1
- Name of author: Robert Gilmore McKinnell
- Title of the book: Cloning of frogs, mice, and other animals
- Edition number or information: Revised Edition of Cloning: A Biologist Reports (1979)
- Number of volume used: 1
- Place of Publication: 2037 University Avenue Southeast, Minneapolis MN 55414
- Name of publisher: University of Minnesota Press
- Date of publication: 1979, 1985

Book #2
- Editors: Michael Ruse and Aryne Sheppard
- Title of the book: Cloning: Responsible Science or Technomadness
- Number of volume used: 1
- Name of series: Contemporary Issues
- Place of publication: 59 John Glenn Drive, Amherst, New York 14228-2197
- Name of publisher: Prometheus Books
- Date of publication: 2001

Book #3
- Names of authors of the book: G.J.V. Nossal and Ross L. Coppel
- Title of the book: Reshaping Life: Key issues in genetic engineering.
- Edition number or information: 3rd edition
- Place of publication: The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, UK
- Name of publisher: Cambridge University Press
- Date of publication: 2002

Book #4
- Authors of the article: James D. Watson and John Tooze
- Title of the book: The DNA Story. A documentary history of gene cloning
- Edition number or information: 1st edition
- Number of volume used: 1
- Place of publication: San Francisco
- Name of publisher: W.H. Freeman and Company
- Date of publication: 1981

Book #5
- Book Editor: Sylvia Engdahl
- Title of the book: Cloning
- Edition number or information: 1st edition
- Number of volume used: 1
- Name of series: Opposing Viewpoints
- Place of publication: 27500 Drake Rd, Farmington Hills, MI 48331-3535
- Name of publisher: Thomson Gale
- Date of publication: 2006

Book #6
- Author of the article: Linda Tagliaferro
- Title of the book: Genetic Engineering : Progress or Peril?
- Edition number or information: 1
- Number of volume used: 1
- Name of series: Pro/Con series
- Place of publication: United States
- Name of publisher: Lerner Publications Company
- Date of publication: 1997

Book #7
- Author of the article: Tamara L. Roleff
- Title of the book: Cloning : Opposing viewpoints
- Edition number or information: 1
- Number of volume used: 1
- Name of series: Opposing Viewpoints
- Place of publication: 27500 Drake Rd, Farmington Hills, MI 48331-3535
- Name of publisher: Greenhaven Press- An imprint of Thomson Gale
- Date of publication: 2006

ENG 1020- RJA #5a: Finding Reference Articles

Searched at: www.ScienceDirect.com
Search strategies: Advanced search “AND”
Date of search: September, 17th 2009.
Keyword used; Number of hits; Relevance (1-5 Scale):
a) Animal Cloning; 125,817 hits; 3.
b) Animal Cloning AND Ethics; 3,614 hits; 4.
c) Animal Rights; 566,129 hits; 2
d) Animal Rights AND Cloning; 51,303; 3
e) Animal Cloning AND Advantages; 27,176; 4
Online Reference work:
a)Bioethics: limits to the interference with life
Date: September 17th, 2009
b)Therapeutic cloning- applications for organ transplantation
Date: September 17th, 2009
c)Application of reproductive biotechnology in animals- implications and potentials: Applications of reproductive cloning
Date: September 17th, 2009
d)Cloning:next term New breakthroughs leading to commercial opportunities

I found information regarding the advantages of animal cloning as well as of the ethics of cloning. On the web sites that I have selected, there is some information on the uses of different types of cloning, on future possibilities if we continue the practice, and on Bioethics science.

ENG 1020 RJA #4c: Checking Research Questions

Alexandria

Jonathan Meyer

RJA# 4b: Writing Search Strings

“Animal Clon*” +Benefit* OR advantage* OR pro* -human

Clon* +Animal* "+Use* OR Application*" +Res* "-Ethic* OR Moral OR Religi*"

Moral* OR Ethic* OR Religi* "+animal Clon*"

(Ethic* OR Moral*) AND (Animal NEAR Clon*)

[Clon* NEAR (Ethic* OR Moral) NEAR Animal*] AND (Consequence* OR Impact* OR Result)

(Animal* OR Beef) NEAR (Clon* OR Manipul*) NOT (human Clon*) AND (Advantage* OR Benefit*)

RJA #4a: Generating Keywords

Do the advantages of animal cloning overcome the ethical objectives?

List:

Advantages
Advantage
Benefit
Benefits
Impacts
Consequences

Animal
Animals
Beef

Cloning
Clones
Clone
Manipulation
Artificial Reproduction

Overcome
Are stronger
Overpower
Win
Versus
Worth it

Ethical
Moral
Religious

Objectives
Neglect
Reasons
Beliefs

Ladder of generalization:
Cloning, Animal manipulation, Animal Cloning, Cloning of farm animals, experimental cloning, cloning for food, cloning for better reproduction.

ENG 1020- RJA #3c: Developing Research Question

1- What is the purpose behind cloning?
2- Is cloning right or wrong?
3- Is future society going to consist of pure clones?
4- Is cloning going to save or destroy us?
5- Should we be more careful about what we want?
6- Should we continue the practice of cloning?
7- How can we know that this is not leading us to our end instead?
8- Why don't people have a right to know if they are purchasing food - product of a cloned animal?
9- Don't we already have a problem with overpopulation to spend all this money in creating and saving more people by cloning?
10- Why should we or shouldn't we clone people or animals?
11- Will cloning lead to a better or worse world?

ENG 1020 - RJA #3b: Narrowing Research Topic

After reading chapter 3 of the textbook, I have come to the decision that I need to narrow my research topic which is cloning, for the reason that it expands in a lot of different branches that would take me much more time and space to address each one of them. In order to accomplish this, I will have to choose one of the branches which interest me the most and which also has sufficient but not more information than needed, in order for me to be able to investigate and prove my point in the time and space given.

ENG 1020 RJA #3a: Exploring Research Topic

While doing my research on cloning I found out by researching in different websites bookmarked in my delicious account, that it has been an argumentative topic since the beginning when the first sheep, Dolly, was cloned in Scotland in 1997. Some thought that it was great! A huge advance in science technology; while others thought that it was dreadful news and that it should have never been done because of ethical reasons.
I also learned that even though cloning is one thing, there are still different types of it like: Reproductive cloning, which is the one were an animal is cloned to get the exact same DNA animal clone; Therapeutic cloning, which doesn’t clone an entire animal, but clones some cells which will be used for scientific research for the purpose of using this cells eventually in replacement of organs of the original person who gave its cells to be cloned; and DNA cloning, were they are cloning a gene from a DNA fragment, to study the gene in question.
I learned that attempts of cloning are very expensive and not to efficient. That most of cloned animals live a shorter life, but the exact reason for this is still unknown. However, I also learned from the FDA that cloned food is apparently healthy and doesn’t need any special labeling.

RJA #2c: Delicious Account

http://delicious.com/sofia2787

RJA #2b: Research Topic

It will be a pleasure for me to work on this research for the reason that I find this subject highly interesting, with a broad opening for discussions from a moral/ religious ground, as well as from a scientific perspective. I have chosen the topic of cloning not only because of this but also because I believe it to be a relatively fresh and new subject, extremely relevant to today’s scientific developments, and finally because it is related to my major which is, Biology.

I only have a general idea of what this topic has to offer, like for example, that animals are legally being cloned right now in several different countries for different purposes that include but are not limited to: better animal reproduction, for medicinal purposes, as well as to produce human insulin (from genetically modified animals). I know the basic technique used in order to full fill a successful cloning - which would be to extract an oval egg from a female animal and remove the oval's nucleus, and replace it with the nucleus of a full grown masculine's cell. Then, they stimulate the oval so that it will reproduce its cells and finally become an embryo, which would be placed in a receptor and that is when the clone is "born".(If you consider born, to be a couple of months or less). I also know that human cloning is not legal right now for morality reasons, and that it is a highly controversial topic.

I would guess that so far, I only know approximately a 5% of what is out there to learn about this topic, and I intend to cover as much territory as possible, including the history of the development, the uses, the techniques, the side effects of the clones, the moral view of it all, and the future ideologies.

RJA #2a: Possible Topics

1- Academics: American Scholar System (were you choose your own classes) vs. European Scholar System (were the classes per academic year are already set with no choice to change or choose).

2- Agriculture and Chemistry: Organic food/production vs. inorganic food/production. Is organic food better than regular food? Why does it cost more money?

3- Biology: Cloning and the effects on the world.

4- Science: Metric system in United States.

Out of these four different topics I have decided to work on the number 3- Biology: Cloning and the effects on the world.

RJA #1: Areas of Academic Interest

Classes that I have taken throughout my academic lifetime:

English
Spanish
French
Philosophy
British History
Uruguayan History
Chemistry
Algebra
Trigonometry
Physics
Technical drawing
Swimming
Field Hockey
Handball
Volleyball

Areas I have studied outside of class:

Apartment Marketing
Apartment Leasing- Sales


Other Academic Interests:

Biology
Wild Life
Evolution
Astrology